ישראל מקרמס

Israel of Krems, Rabbi Yisrael of Krems (ישראל מקרמס), was a rishon of Ashkenaz who lived and worked in the fourteenth century in Krems, Austria; approximately from the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. He is known for his Haggahot Asheri, peirush on the Piskei HaRosh that are printed alongside the text. In them he brings the rulings of the Ashkenazi sages who came before him, chiefly Rabbi Yechezkiah of Magdeburg, whose peirushim are signed “Mahariach” or “from the peirush of Mahariach.”

He most likely survived the persecutions that followed the Black Death, which struck Krems too, since a talmid of his, writing in 1353, some fourteen years later, does not mention him with the blessing used for those who have passed away. Besides Krems he is found in a place written “Levisha,” whose identity is unclear. He answered a question on yein nesech together with Rabbi Moshel of Znaim, called Rabbi Moshel HaZaken of Austria; Rabbi Moshel taught Rabbi Shalom of Neustadt, but Rabbi Shalom only heard of Rabbi Yisrael’s teshuva and does not seem to have learned under him.

His son was Rabbi Chaim Henshil of Hainburg; his grandson, Rabbi Chaim’s son, was Rabbi Aharon Blumlin; and his great-grandson, Rabbi Aharon’s nephew, was Rabbi Yisrael Isserlein, author of Terumat HaDeshen, who cites him in the commentary he wrote on Rashi to the Chumash, in parshat Vayechi.

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